1. Akram, H., & Li, S. (2024). Understanding the role of teacher-student relationships in students' online learning engagement: Mediating role of academic motivation. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 131(4), 1415-1438. [
DOI:10.1177/00315125241248709]
2. Amirian, S. M. R., Edalati Bazzaz, V., Ghaniabadi, S., & Zareian, G. (2025). Probing into the contribution of self-efficacy, L2 grit, and foreign language classroom enjoyment to oral presentation anxiety of university students. IJREE, 10(4), 102-123.
3. http://ijreeonline.com/article-1-1017-en.html
4. Benesch, S. 2017. Emotions and English language teaching: Exploring teachers' emotion labor. New York: Routledge. [
DOI:10.4324/9781315736181]
5. Bielak, J., & Mystkowska-Wiertelak, A. (2022). Language teachers' interpersonal learner-directed emotion-regulation strategies. Language Teaching Research, 26(6), 1082-1105. [
DOI:10.1177/1362168820912352]
6. Bing, H., Sadjadi, B., Afzali, M., & Fathi, J. (2022). Self-efficacy and emotion regulation as predictors of teacher burnout among English as a foreign language teachers: A structural equation modeling approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 900417. [
DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.900417]
7. Bleck, V., & Lipowsky, F. (2022). Teachers' emotional exhaustion before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Neither emotional exertion nor vacation feeling. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 887494. [
DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.887494]
8. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101. [
DOI:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa]
9. Chang, H. (2022). Stress and burnout in EFL teachers: The mediator role of self-efficacy. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 880281. [
DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.880281]
10. Chen, S., & Tang, L. (2024). EFL teachers' engagement: The impact of well-being and emotion regulation. Heliyon, 10(5). [
DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27338]
11. Cui, L. (2022). The role of teacher-student relationships in predicting teachers' occupational wellbeing, emotional exhaustion, and enthusiasm. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 896813. [
DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.896813]
12. Dai, K., & Wang, Y. (2024). Enjoyable, anxious, or bored? Investigating Chinese EFL learners' classroom emotions and their engagement in technology-based EMI classrooms. System, 123, 103339. [
DOI:10.1016/j.system.2024.103339]
13. Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied psychology, 86(3), 499. [
DOI:10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499]
14. Derakhshan, A. (2022). Revisiting research on positive psychology in second and foreign language education: Trends and directions. Language Related Research, 13(5), 143. [
DOI:10.52547/LRR.13.5.2]
15. Derakhshan, A., & Fathi, J. (2024). Growth mindset, self-efficacy, and self-regulation: A symphony of success in L2 speaking. System, 123, 103320. [
DOI:10.1016/j.system.2024.103320]
16. Derakhshan, A., Setiawan, S., & Ghafouri, M. (2024). Modeling the interplay of Indonesian and Iranian EFL teachers' apprehension, resilience, organizational mattering, and psychological well-being. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 12(1), 21-43. [
DOI:10.30466/IJLTR.2024.121416]
17. Derakhshan, A., and F. Shakki. (2022). Revisiting research on positive psychology in second and foreign language education: Trends and directions. Language Related Research, 13(5), 1-43. [
DOI:10.52547/LRR.13.5.2]
18. Derakhshan, A., Wang, Y., & Ghiasvand, F. (2024). "I never make a permanent decision based on a temporary emotion": Unveiling EFL teachers' perspectives about emotions in assessment. Applied Linguistics Review, 15(6), 2659-2684. [
DOI:10.1515/applirev-2023-0089]
19. Donker, M. H., Erisman, M. C., Van Gog, T., & Mainhard, T. (2020). Teachers' emotional exhaustion: Associations with their typical use of and implicit attitudes toward emotion regulation strategies. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 867. [
DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00867]
20. Fan, J., & Wang, Y. (2022). English as a foreign language teachers' professional success in the Chinese context: The effects of well-being and emotion regulation. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 952503. [
DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.952503]
21. Fathi, J., V. Greenier, & Derakhshan, A. (2021). Self-efficacy, reflection, and burnout among Iranian EFL teachers: The mediating role of emotion regulation. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 9 (2), 13-37. [
DOI:10.30466/IJLTR.2021.121043]
22. Ghanizadeh, A., & Royaei, N. (2015). Emotional facet of language teaching: Emotion regulation and emotional labor strategies as predictors of teacher burnout. International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning, 10 (2), 139-150. [
DOI:10.1080/22040552.2015.1113847]
23. Ghiasvand, F., Jahanbakhsh, A. A., & Kogani, M. (2024). Probing the bond between EFL teachers' emotional literacy skills and professional development. Porta Linguarum: revista internacional de didáctica de las lenguas extranjeras, 41, 241-257.
.27525 [
DOI:10.30827/portalin.vi41]
24. Ghiasvand, F., Kogani, M., & Nemati, F. (2023). Teachers as conflict managers: mapping novice and experienced Iranian EFL teachers' professional identity conflicts and confrontation strategies. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 8(1), 45. [
DOI:10.1186/s40862-023-00219-z]
25. Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of general psychology, 2(3), 271-299.
https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271 [
DOI:10.1037/10892680.2.3.271]
26. Gross, J. J. (2015). Emotion regulation: Current status and future prospects. Psychological Inquiry, 26(1), 1-26. [
DOI:10.1080/1047840X.2014.940781]
27. Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348 [
DOI:10.1037/0022 3514.85.2.348]
28. Haerens, L., Matos, L., Koc, A., Benita, M., & Abos, A. (2022). Examining school boards' chaotic leadership style in relation to teachers' job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion. Teaching and Teacher Education, 118, 103821. [
DOI:10.1016/j.tate.2022.103821]
29. Hofmann, S. G., Heering, S., Sawyer, A. T., & Asnaani, A. (2009). How to handle anxiety: The effects of reappraisal, acceptance, and suppression strategies on anxious arousal. Behaviour research and therapy, 47(5), 389-394. [
DOI:10.1016/j.brat.2009.02.010]
30. Hui, Q., Yao, C., Li, M., & You, X. (2022). Upward social comparison sensitivity on teachers' emotional exhaustion: A moderated moderation model of self-esteem and gender. Journal of affective disorders, 299, 568-574. [
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.081]
31. Jalilzadeh, K., Attaran, A., & Coombe, C. (2024). Unveiling emotional experiences: a phenomenological study of emotional labor in expatriate EFL teachers. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 9(1), 40. [
DOI:10.1186/s40862-024-00259-z]
32. King, J., & Ng, K. Y. S. (2018). Teacher emotions and the emotional labor of second language teaching. Language Teacher Psychology, 141-157. [
DOI:10.2307/jj.22730528.15]
33. Klusmann, U., Aldrup, K., Roloff-Bruchmann, J., Carstensen, B., Wartenberg, G., Hansen, J., & Hanewinkel, R. (2023). Teachers' emotional exhaustion during the COVID-19 pandemic: Levels, changes, and relations to pandemic-specific demands. Teaching and teacher education, 121, 103908. [
DOI:10.1016/j.tate.2022.103908]
34. Klusmann, U., Aldrup, K., Roloff, J., Lüdtke, O., & Hamre, B. K. (2022). Does instructional quality mediate the link between teachers' emotional exhaustion and student outcomes? A large-scale study using teacher and student reports. Journal of Educational Psychology, 114(6), 1442. [
DOI:10.1037/edu0000703]
35. Köksal, Ö. (2024). the relationship between EFL teachers' burnout and their classroom management. International Online Journal of Education & Teaching, 11(1), 238.
36. Kruk, M. (2021). Investigating dynamic relationships among individual difference variables in learning English as a foreign language in a virtual world. Springer Nature. [
DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-65269-2]
37. Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2016). Latent burnout profiles: A new approach to understanding the burnout experience. Burnout Research, 3(4), 89-100. [
DOI:10.1016/j.burn.2016.09.001]
38. MacIntyre, P. D. (2021). Exploring applications of positive psychology in SLA. In Positive psychology in second and foreign language education (pp. 3-17). Cham: Springer International Publishing. [
DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-64444-4_1]
39. MacIntyre, P. D., Gregersen, T., & Mercer, S. (2019). Setting an agenda for positive psychology in SLA: Theory, practice, and research. The Modern Language Journal, 103(1), 262-274. [
DOI:10.1111/modl.12544]
40. Madigan, D. J., & Kim, L. E. (2021). Does teacher burnout affect students? A systematic review of its association with academic achievement and student-reported outcomes. International Journal of Educational Research, 105, 101714. [
DOI:10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101714]
41. Mahmoodi, M. H., & Ghaslani, R. (2014). Relationship among Iranian EFL teachers' emotional intelligence, reflectivity and burnout. Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies, 6(1), 89-116. [
DOI:10.22111/IJALS.2014.1993]
42. Mall-Amiri, B. (2024). On the relationship among EFL teachers' classroom management, organizational commitment and burnout and teachers' perceptions of their nature. IJREE. 9(4), 93-110. http://ijreeonline.com/article-1-952-en.html
43. Maslach, C. (2003). Burnout: The cost of caring. Ishk.
44. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103-111. [
DOI:10.1002/wps.20311]
45. Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(2001), 397-422. [
DOI:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397]
46. Mercer, S. (2023). The wellbeing of language teachers in the private sector: An ecological perspective. Language Teaching Research, 27(5), 1054-1077.
10 [
DOI:10.1177/13621688209735]
47. Mérida-López, S., & Extremera, N. (2017). Emotional intelligence and teacher burnout: A systematic review. International Journal of Educational Research, 85, 121-130. [
DOI:10.1016/j.ijer.2017.07.006]
48. Olivier, E., Lazariuk, L., Archambault, I., & Morin, A. J. (2024). Teacher emotional exhaustion: The synergistic roles of self-efficacy and student-teacher relationships. Social Psychology of Education, 27(1), 1-22. [
DOI:10.1007/s11218-023-09826-7]
49. Olson, R. E., McKenzie, J., Mills, K. A., Patulny, R., Bellocchi, A., & Caristo, F. (2019). Gendered emotion management and teacher outcomes in secondary school teaching: A review. Teaching and Teacher Education, 80, 128-144. [
DOI:10.1016/j.tate.2019.01.010]
50. Pöysä, S., Pakarinen, E., & Lerkkanen, M. K. (2021). Patterns of teachers' occupational well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: relations to experiences of exhaustion, recovery, and interactional styles of teaching. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 6, p. 699785). Frontiers Media SA. [
DOI:10.3389/feduc.2021.699785]
51. Qi, S., & Wang, Y. (2025). Sketching the ecology of humor in English language classes: Disclosing the determinant factors. Applied Linguistics Review, 16(2), 985-1006. [
DOI:10.1515/applirev-2023-0283]
52. Rumschlag, K. E. (2017). Teacher burnout: A quantitative analysis of emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, and depersonalization. International Management Review, 13(1), 22. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/teacher-burnout-quantitative-analysis-emotional/docview/1881414561/se-2
53. Schulze-Hagenest, T., Carstensen, B., Weber, K., Jansen, T., Meyer, J., Köller, O., & Klusmann, U. (2023). Teachers' emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction: How much does the school context matter? Teaching and Teacher Education, 136, 104360. [
DOI:10.1016/j.tate.2023.104360]
54. Skaalvik, E. M., & Skaalvik, S. (2017). Motivated for teaching? Associations with school goal structure, teacher self-efficacy, job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion. Teaching and Teacher Education, 67, 152-160. [
DOI:10.1016/j.tate.2017.06.006]
55. Skaalvik, E. M., & Skaalvik, S. (2020). Teacher burnout: relations between dimensions of burnout, perceived school context, job satisfaction and motivation for teaching. A longitudinal study. Teachers and Teaching, 26(7-8), 602-616. [
DOI:10.1080/13540602.2021.1913404]
56. Solhi, M., Derakhshan, A., & Ünsal, B. (2025). Associations between EFL students' L2 grit, boredom coping strategies, and emotion regulation strategies: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 46(2), 224-243. [
DOI:10.1080/01434632.2023.2175834]
57. Taxer, J. L., & Gross, J. J. (2018). Emotion regulation in teachers: The "why" and "how". Teaching and Teacher Education, 74, 180-189. [
DOI:10.1016/j.tate.2018.05.008]
58. Voss, T., Klusmann, U., Bönke, N., Richter, D., & Kunter, M. (2023). Teachers' emotional exhaustion and teaching enthusiasm before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic. Zeitschrift für Psychologie. [
DOI:10.1027/2151-2604/a000520]
59. Wang, Y. (2024). Probing into the boredom of online instruction among Chinese English language teachers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Current Psychology, 43(13), 12144-12158. [
DOI:10.1007/s12144-022-04223-3]
60. Wang, Y., Derakhshan, A., & Zhang, L. J. (2021). Researching and practicing positive psychology in second/foreign language learning and teaching: the past, current status and future directions. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 731721. [
DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.731721]
61. Wang, Y., Xin, Y., & Chen, L. (2024). Navigating the emotional landscape: Insights into resilience, engagement, and burnout among Chinese High School English as a Foreign Language Learners. Learning and Motivation, 86, 101978. [
DOI:10.1016/j.lmot.2024.101978]
62. Wilson, A. (2015). A guide to phenomenological research. Nursing Standard (2014+), 29(34), 38. [
DOI:10.7748/ns.29.34.38.e8821]
63. Wu, H., Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2023). What do we know about L2 teachers' emotion regulation? A bibliometric analysis of the pertinent literature. In Forum for Linguistic Studies (Transferred) (Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 2012-2012). [
DOI:10.59400/fls.v5i3.2012]
64. Wu, H., Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2024). How burnout, resilience, and engagement interplay among EFL learners? A mixed-methods investigation in the Chinese senior high school context. Porta Linguarum: revista internacional de didáctica de las lenguas extranjeras, 9, 193-213. [
DOI:10.30827/portalin.viIX.29878]
65. Xie, F. (2021). A study on Chinese EFL teachers' work engagement: The predictability power of emotion regulation and teacher resilience. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 735969. [
DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.735969]
66. Yin, H., Huang, S., & Chen, G. (2019). The relationships between teachers' emotional labor and their burnout and satisfaction: A meta-analytic review. Educational Research Review, 28, 100283. [
DOI:10.1016/j.edurev.2019.100283]
67. Zhi, R., Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2024). The role of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy in EFL teachers' technology adoption. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 33(4), 845-856. [
DOI:10.1007/s40299-023-00782-6]